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E. GHABOGHE. 3 sneethsheen ROTARY ENGINE; No. 569,408. Patented 00a. 13, 1896,-

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ROTARY ENGINE. No. 569,408 Patented Oct. 13', 1896.

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I ROTARY ENGXNE. No. 569,408. Patented Oct. 13, 1896.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMOND OHABOCHE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 569,408, dated October 13, 1896.

Application filed August 24,1894. Serial No. 521,574. (No model.) Patented in France March 17, 1894, No. 237,105; in Belgium July 20, 1894, No.111,0'76; in Switzerland J l 23,1894,No. 9,043,- in Germany July 27,1894,N0. 82,242; in England August 3, 1894,110. 14,940, and in Austria-Hungary September 3, 1894, No. 1,032.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDMOND CHABOCHE, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines with a Movable Cylinder, (for which Letters Patent were granted to me in France, No. 237,105, dated March 17, 1894; in Germany, No. 82,242, dated July 27, 1894'; in England, No. 14,940, dated August 3, 1894; in Belgium, No. 111,076, dated July 20, 1894; in Switzerland, No. 9,043, dated July 2-3, 1894, and in Austria-Hungary, No. 1,032, dated September 3, 1894,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in rotary engines in which any kind of motive fluid may be used, but in which steam is by preference employed; and it has for its 0b- ;iect the employment of a movable cylinder having a continuous motion in the same direction and serving the purpose of a flywheel, and, further, with some slight change, of a driving-pulley.

My invention consists of a cylinder divided up into compartments, in each of which reciprocates a piston or wing, and all of which are mounted on a sleeve through which passes the shaft of the cylinder, of various cranks and connecting-rods, of a valve with inlet and outlet ports, and of the various parts that will be hereinafter described, and fully pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 to 6 are diagrams which illustrate the theory of the movements of my improved rotary engine. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same; Fig. 8, an enlarged vertical longitudinal section of the distributingvalve; Fig. 9, an end elevation of the engine, showing the face of the cylinder which is in contact with the valve. Fig. 10 is an end elevation of the face of the valve shown detached from the engine; and Figs. 11 and 12 are vertical central sections through the rotary cylinder and the reciprocating pistons, taken at right angles to the plane of Fig. 7 and showing the pistons in operative position in their respective compartments.

Similar letters and figures of reference indicate corresponding parts.

To render the action of the engine clear, a theoretical explanation of the various phases of its movements is first given.

A body 1 of any geometrical figure, as, for instance, a circle, is rotated on an axis 2 3, Fig. 1. This hollow body is divided into equal parts by a certain number of Walls, the planes of which when prolonged pass through the axis 2 3. Between the fixed walls 4 5, 4 5, 4 5", &c., Fig. 2, reciprocate the movable walls 6 7, 6'7, 6 7, &c., the planes of which when prolonged also pass through the axis 2 3. These movable walls are maintained at a constant distance from each other, being rigidly connected together. It follows that if the movable wall 6 7 approaches the fixed wall 4 5 of the body 1 the walls 6'7 6 7 will approach the walls 4 5 4 5 at the same time. The whole system of movable walls is connected to a point 10, which in turn is connected to a crank 11 12 by the connecting-rod 10 11, Fig. 3. Crank 11 12 is connect-ed to the body 1 at the point 12. Supposing, for an instant, that the body 1 is stationary and that steam be introduced betweenthe walls 4 5 and 6 7, the pressure of the steam will, as in an ordinary cylinder, move the wall 0 7 away from the wall 4 5 of the cylinder, and if steam be then introduced between 4 5 and 0 7 the wall 6 7 will be displaced in a reverse sense to the first displacement. It will be the same when steam is introduced on either sides of the other walls or pistons 6 7, 6 7", and 6' 7.

The point 10, mentioned above, will participate in the reciprocatory motion of the whole system of pistons 6 7, 6 7, 850., and it is easy to conceive that this reciprocatory mo tion of point 10 will cause a rotation of the crank 11 12 through the intermediation of the connecting-rod 10 11.

Now let us consider two circles, of which the centers are respectively 2 3 and 8 9, Fig. 4. Let us take a line X Y through the centers and let us take a point on each circumference, 12 and 13, for instance. lVhen these two points are joined, it will be easy to demonstrate that if circle 2 3 is made to rotate then circle 8 9 will also rotate, the line 12 13 remaining parallel with itself in all its positions. Then circle 2 3 has completed one Fig. 5.

revolution, the point 13 will have described around point 12 a circle wit-h the radius 12 13. Let us take point on circle 2 3 and trace the connecting-rod 1O 11 and the crank 11 12,

Vhen steam is allowed to act alternately on the opposite faces of the pistons (3 '7, 6 7, &c., the point 10 will receive a reciprocatory motion and will cause the crank 11 12 to describe a circle, and if the two cranks 11 12 and 12 13 are fixed in the same perpendicular axis to the paper it is clear that the point 13 will be forced to move on the circumference 8 9 in an opposite direction to the movement communicated to the crank 11 12 by the point 10.

From the above it can be seen that the two circles S 9 and 2 3 make the same movement, while the point 10 receives a reciprocatory movement and describes during its motion a segment of a circle with a variable speed if the speed of rotation of these circles is constant. e thus obtain a transmission of reciprocating motion into circular motion. At

-first sight it will appear as if a force were center.

made to act without a point of support; but by decomposing the acting forces it is clear that the movement is obtained by the aid of the two fixed points of support 8 9 and 2 3. If the centers 8 9 and 2 3 coincide, the movement will be impossible.

Let us now consider a circle having 2 3 as center and 2 3 12 as radius, Fig. 6, and two gear-wheels of which the one has for center 2 3 and for radius 2 3 1i and the other for center 12 and radius 12 14:.

Let us again take point 10, connecting-rod 10 11, and crank 11 12, fixed on the same axis as the gear-wheel12 13. If a rotative movement is communicated to crank 11 12,the gearwheel 12 13 will take part in the movement and if gear-wheel 2 3 14 be stationary the point 12 will describe a circle round 2 3 as a From this it can be seen that by the gearing of two gear-Wheels, one of which is fixed, we obtain a result similar to that obtained by the connecting-rod and cranks, that is to say, the rotatory motion of the body in which steam is allowed to act.

Having thus stated the theory underlying my invention, I will proceed to describe the same in connection with the engine shown in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10.

The engine is supported in a frame consistin g of a bed-plate and two standards A and B. On the standard A is supported a stationary eccentric D, on which, turning loosely, is mounted a connecting-rod with two arms V, which is attached to the body of the engine by two trunnions T T. The arm of the connecting-rod connected with the trunnion T can be dispensed with, but it is preferable to construct the connecting-rod with two arms, so as to increase and equalize the effect. A shaft I J passes through eccentric D and standard A, abutting in the escapement-box F. Shaft I J is supported at its other end in bearings Z on the standard B and passed through the stuffing-box m. At the part I the shaft is hollow, while it is solid at the part J. Keyed to shaft I is the cylinder 0 C. This cylinder is divided into three parts, each forming a distinct steam-cylinder and provided with a piston which is made integral with the sleeve P. The cylinder is made of two semisections, which are connected together after the pistons have been inserted into the respective compartments of the cylinder C C.

M and M are two spindles which carry two cranks K and K, that are connected with the trunnions T T. On trunnion T is set the head of a connecting-rod L, which controls the three pistons by the intermediation of the crank Q, that is rigidly attached to the end of the sleeve P.

N N are packing-rings between the faces of the cylinder-section O and the sleeve P. The stuffing-box P forms the packing-joint between the faces of the cylinder-section C and sleeve P. In crank Q we have the point 10, mentioned above, the connecting-rod L corresponding to the line 10 11 and the whole T K M to the lines 11 12 and 12 13. The point 0, while partaking of reciprocatory motion, which is transmitted to it by the sleeve P and the piston mounted thereon, compels the cylinder 0 O to keep up its continuous rotary motion for the reasons given above. The steam enters from the boiler by the pipe 0, passing through a valve actuated by a suitable governor. (Not shown in the drawings.) From pipe 0 the steam passes into a chamber 0, through which the shaft I J passes, and thence into the steam-chest U between the hollow shaft X and the shaft I J. In this chest U is arranged a valve, the face of which is in contact with the face of the cylinder, the face of the latter being provided with ports a e c, Fig. 9, corresponding in pairs with the compartments in the cylinder, 62 corresponding with the first compartment, 6 e with the second, and 6 c' with the third compartment. Additional ports 3 s s" serve to form communication between the ports 6 e e, &c., and the hollow shaft I by the intermediation of the valve and thus permit of the escape of the steam.

Fig. 10 shows the face of the valve, which has a circular opening 7', which coincides with the ports 8 s s. The ports i i". 2' serve for the introduction of the steam, and the ports 42 n n for the exhaust of the same. The ports 2' 2" 2'" and n n n are opposite the port-holes e e e. The ports at n n communicate directly with the circular opening 7*, as shown in Fig. 8.

To effect the proper distribution of the steam, the valve must make a third of a rotation for every full rotation of the cylinder 0. YVe effect this by a train of transmitting gear-wheels V W IV IV or in any other desired manner.

IIO

hen port 2' coincides with port 6, steam is introduced at e e e and escapes at e e' c lVhen the cylinder has made a semirevolution, port 6 coincides with the exhaustport n. After a further semirevolution steam will be introduced anew while coinciding with t, &c. A stuffing-box it on steam-chest U effects the hermetic sealing of the same.

When steam is supplied through the livesteam ports to the compartments of the cylinder, it acts on the stationary partitions C of the cylinder and on the movable pistons P in the same, moving the cylinder in one direction and the pistons in the opposite direction until the steam supply is cut off. This will move the cylinder and the parts connected therewith through onehalf of a rotation, while the pistons move in opposite directions thereto from the partitions at one end of the compartment toward the partitions at the other end of the same. The sleeve P and crank Q partake of this motion, while the crank K, owing to the connecting-rod L, describes by the joint action of the same and of the rotary motion of the cylinder a full ro tation on the pivot M, the arm V moving simultaneously with the crank K around the stationary eccentric D. The parts are moved, therefore, from the position shown in Fig. 11 to the position shown in Fig. 12, in which the crank K has moved from its uppermost position into the position at the lowermost part of the cylinder, while the remaining parts assume the position shown, respectively, in dotted lines in Figs. 11 and 12.

The momentum imparted to the cylinder by the live steam completes the remaining half of the rotation of the same, so that the steam is exhausted from the compartments and the pistons and all the parts connected therewith returned into the former position shown in Fig. 11, the motion of the pistons being the reverse of the motion of which they partake under the action of the live steam. The individual movable parts of the engine act conjointly during each full rotation of the cylinder, while each part partakes of the specifically-described motions explained in connection with the diagram Figs. 1 to 6, these diagrams being necessary for the clear understanding of the proper motions. The full. rotation of the cylinder having been made,the rotary slide-valve is turned for onethird of its rotation, so that live steam is again supplied to the live-steam ports of the cylinder, the same moved again through one-half of a rotation by the action of the steam on the stationary partitions of the cylinder and the movable pistons, the remaining one-half of'the rotation being again completed by the momentum imparted to the cylinder, so that during the first half of the rotation the pistons are moved in a direction opposite to the motion of the cylinder through one-third of the circumference of the same, while during the second half of the rotation of the cylinder the pistons are moved in a direction opposite to their former motion, but in the direction of motion of the cylinder, again through one-third of the circumference of the cylinder. The rotary slide -valve is then moved again through another third of its revolution and new steam again supplied to the compartments of the cylinder, so that the same makes another rotation, and so on.

Compared with straight-cylinder engines my improved engine has the advantage of having a continuous motion in the same direction. Compared with rotary engines it has the advantage of having a movable cylinder, which thus practically constitutes a fly-wheel, so that the latter can be omitted. In addition thereto the cylinder serves also as a driving-pulley. Further, the wear and tear of the machine are less than in ordinary machines, as all the parts are centered.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A rotary engine, consisting of a cylinder having interior partitions forming compartments, a piston in each compartment, a hollow shaft concentrically to the cylinder, a sleeve mounted on the shaft and connected with said pistons, a crank on the outer end of said sleeve, a crank on said cylinder, a connecting-rod between said cranks, a stationary eccentric, .a connecting-rod mounted loosely on said eccentric and pivoted to the crank on 'the cylinder, a steam-chest on the cylinder, and an independently-rotatin g valve in said steam-chest, substantially as set forth.

2. A rotary engine, consisting of a cylinder having interior partitions forming compartments, a piston reciprocating in each of said compartments, a sleeve mounted on the shaft of the engine and carrying said pistons, a crank attached to the outer end of said sleeve, cranks arranged at diametricallyopposite points on the cylinder, a connectingrod between the crank on said sleeve and one of the cranks, astationary eccentric, connecting-rods pivoted to said cranks and mounted loosely on said eccentric, and a valve for controlling the admission and escape of steam to the compartments of said cylinder, substantially as set forth.

3. In a rotary engine, the combination, of a cylinder partitioned internally to form compartments and provided with admission and exhaust ports for each compartment, with a circular valve set in a steam-chest and mount ed loosely on the shaft supporting the cylinder, said valve being likewise provided with inlet and outlet ports to correspond to the ports of the cylinder and with an exhaustchannel in said shaft, and means for rotating the valve, at less speed than the cylinder, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDMOND OHABOOI-IE. Witnesses CLYDE SHRorsHIRE, J OSEPH LACERTE. 

